The Theories Of Learning And Communication - 1712 Words

In this essay I will discuss the theories of learning and communication and their application in my own practice. Behaviourism is usually linked to Pavlov (classical conditioning) and to Thorndike, Watson and Skinner (operant conditioning). Pavlov’s classical conditioning experiment was to train a dog to respond to a bell; initially with food, then both food and a bell and finally just the bell. It suggests the learner is passive and responds to stimuli, it showed that behaviour was learnt by negative and positive reinforcement. Positive reinforcement is the appliance of a stimulus and negative reinforcement is the removal of the stimulus. It is essentially to change the behaviour of a learner to enable learning. Animals were used in much of the behaviourist’s experimentation. Classical conditioning’s strength is that, it is arguably scientific and based on observed evidence carried out by laboratory experiments. A problem with this theory is that it is deterministic; it negates any freewill in the individual. Operant conditioning is a change in the behaviour of an individual s response to stimuli (event) that occur in an environment. A response creates a consequence. When a particular stimulus to response behaviour is reinforced (rewarded) as soon as possible, the individual becomes conditioned to respond. Behaviour that is positively reinforced will be repeated. Presenting information in small amounts so that responses can be reinforced frequently, reinforcements willShow MoreRelatedTheories and Principles of Learning and Communication Assignment1835 Words   |  8 PagesUnit 4 Theories and Principles of Learning and Communication Assignment â€Å"Learning is the lifelong process of transforming information and experience into knowledge, skills, behaviors, and attitudes.† Jeff Cobb www.missiontolearn.com Learning is something that takes place everyday for most people in some way, shape or form and varies depending on certain circumstances. The principles can be simple or radical depending on opinion, some you may agree with while others you might discount straightRead MoreCommunication Between Sender And Receivers1539 Words   |  7 PagesShannon-Weaver’s (1949) this form is specially planned to develop the successful communication between sender and receiver. Also they find factors which touching the communication process called â€Å"Noise†. At first the form was developed to develop the Technical communication. Later it’s widely applied in the field of Communication. The form deals with a variety of concepts like Information source, transmitter, Noise, channel, message, receiver, channel, information destination, encode and decode.Read MoreInstructional Communication And Critical Communication Theory943 Words   |  4 Pages Instructional communication theo ry and critical communication theory sit on opposition ends of a pedagogical spectrum. Instructional communication theory relies on the instructor providing students with knowledge while critical communication theory focuses more on students and instructors building knowledge together. Both theories have value, but many instructors are squarely focused in one area or the other. Instructional communication theory is the more traditional model utilized in large classesRead MoreEssay On Vygotsky And Scaffolding Theory1036 Words   |  5 PagesVygotsky’s theory of constructivism supports independent learning in children with complex learning needs. Firstly, looking at how his scaffolding theory works to build such independence by observations conducted in an early years setting which will be carried out ethically in accordance with BERA guidelines, BERA (2011). Looking at what they have learnt using the Skinner theory with operant conditioning with the use of PECS which is a Pi cture Exchange Communication System. Vygotsky theory looks atRead MoreThe Gap Reduction Theory Of The University Of California975 Words   |  4 Pagesrequired for college courses. Many subjects, especially math and writing, are found to be a challenge for a lot of students. Therefore, the University has provided free tutoring services to help increase the quality of learning and experience and to help students reach their maximum learning potential. Unfortunately, several students do not take advantage of this free service. One reason some might not use the service, is that it may be difficult for them to admit that they need help. For others, it isRead MoreConstructivism and Connectivism as Theories of Learning Essay1554 Words   |  7 PagesThe technological inventions have led to many changes in our lives. Our age is called a digital age. People use technology not only for communication ,but also for education. As a result , educational materials are not only presented throug h the text books, but also presented by using technologies inside classrooms.Moreover,learners are asked to access information by using technologies outside a classroom Educational technology is an umbrella term that includes many types of technologiesRead MoreAcross Most Of Europe, Foreign Language Learning For At1336 Words   |  6 PagesAcross most of Europe, foreign language learning for at least one year is obligatory for all pupils whilst in compulsory education (Eurydice, 2012), so it is no wonder that research into the most affective foreign language teaching methods continues to grow. One such methodology that has gained momentum in recent decades is Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL). The term was first introduced in 1994 by David Marsh and Anne Maljers (Marsh, 1994) and is an umbrella term that covers more thanRead MoreInteraction and Meaning of Types of Communication Theories1153 Words   |  5 PagesThe famous quote, â€Å"there is nothing so practical as a good theory,† is one that resonates in many different and unique ways. Throughout the year in this Contemporary Human Communication course, we have learn ed upwards of thirteen (13) theories that have taught us a lot about the interaction and meaning of all types of communication. These prominent words from the quote above were said by Kurt Lewin, one of the founders of modern social psychology. He provided new ideas for understanding problematicRead MoreSocial Cognitive Theory of Learning Essay1658 Words   |  7 PagesSocial Cognitive Theory of Learning Social cognitive theory of learning is a theoretical perspective that focuses on learning by observing others and eventually assuming control over one’s own behavior (Ormrod, 2011, p.323). Social cognitive theory is a perspective that helps us understand about learning by observing other people doing the same thing. This theory is a blend of behaviorism and cognitive psychology (Ormrod, 2011). Behaviorism theory relates to learning as a stimulus- response relationshipRead MoreThe Theory Of The Change Theory1400 Words   |  6 PagesChange Theory In nursing, Lewin s change theory is frequently used. His theory contains three stages: the unfreezing stage, moving stage, and refreezing stage (Mitchell, 2013, p. 32). Lippitt s theory is based on Lewin s theory and includes seven linked phases the nursing process and uses similar wording (Mitchell, 2013, p. 33). This project will utilize Lippitt’s theory phases that include: †¢ phase 1: diagnose the problem, †¢ phase 2: assess motivation/capacity for change, †¢ phase 3: assess